The Oka language (2)

    Halloi (Helo), and Be welcome.

    In this post, I'll have one essential characteristic of Oka explained.

    Tense in the Oka language

    Oka differenciate two times of speech, one the same we're accostumed to, which is the time we are speaking something, and a second one.

    All other tenses and aspects are not morphological, but particles which modify the verb. Actually, it depends on the time of speech, and you must know it.

    jule - judge (present)
    jules - judge (by that time of speech)

    Remember there's no infinitive.

    This way, when you add -s to the main verb, or the verb which governs the present time of speech, you locate that speech off the present.

    It really doesn't matter if it's past or future, understood by context.

    Use of the time of speech displacement

    When you think of time of speech, you need to consider what something is True by the time of speech.

    This is the same when you displace the time of speech to another time.

    Tacke jule la kleggá o klég-ec.
    Don't (intentionally) judge a person by another person.

    Tacke jules la kleggá o klég-ec.
    Don't (by that time of speech) judge a person by another person.

    What's the difference?

    The second may be a citation form, which places the time of speech on any time frame. This is very useful in a number of situations.

    When you're telling a Story, you can displace time to other time frames. You can also speak on the future, when positioning the time of reference in someone's voice in other time, and you may also use it as a habitual tense, like, something that usually happens (every weekend, for example), or an eternal tense, meaning that happens all the time, or in all times.

    The reference of a Speaker

    You must declare, even if it's concealed on the context, who's speaking that by that time of speech, another than yourself.

    If you know who's the Speaker, that's easy.

    If not, it's considered to be an abstraction of tense, but still useful.

    You can say someone says something, by that time. If it's an investigation, whether someone did or did not says that by that time of speech, it's considered guess, supposition or theory, and theory is an important part of the ejik cuture, specially in phenomenologist police investigation.

    It's not considered theoric tense, if the statement is considered true.

    Hope you're enjoying your stay, and,...
        ... Stay Plugged